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Objective To study the expressions of 1,25 (OH) 2 D3,vitamin D receptor (VDR) and 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) and investigate the effects of 1,25 (OH)2D3 and its related molecules in the pathogenesis of Henoch-Sch(o)nlein purpura (HSP).Methods 1.The levels in the plasma 1,25 (OH) 2 D3 of 35 HSP patients and 14 healthy children were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).2.Total RNA of peripheral blood were extracted and transcribed into cDNA.Sybr green dye based real-time quantitative PCR method was used to compare the expression levels (indicated as 2-△ct value) of VDR and CYP24A1 in patients with HSP and those in the controls.Results The level of 1,25 (OH)2D3 was (13.29 ± 10.12) μg/L in plasma of HSP patients,lower than that of the healthy control group[(29.51-± 23.06) μg/L] (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with healthy control group,the level of VDR mRNA was higher but CYP24A1 mRNA was lower in HSP patients (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The patients with HSP have lower ability to synthesize active form of vitamin D and respond to VDR-mediated vitamin D effects,enhancing the ability to degrade this hormone.
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Objective To explore the expression and mutual relationship between transforming growth factor-?(TGF-?) and hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) in children's renal tissues,as well as the effect of the 2 indexes on the renal pathological change.Methods According to the severity of renal pathological change under light microscope,61 cases were divided into 3 groups:named control group(26 cases,clinically diagnosed as thin basement membrane nephropathy),test group Ⅰ [22 cases,clinically diagnosed as less evident focal segmental glomerulosclerosi(FSGS) nephropathy] and test group Ⅱ(13 cases,clinically diagnosed as evident FSGS nephropathy).Immunity class test(SP method:streptavidinbiotin peroxidase method) was used to detect the representation of HGF and TGF-?.Semi-quantitative analysis had been carried out in all cases.Film reading of cell was viewed by Olympus microscope,brown yellow from cytoplase as the positive signal,10 high power microscope visions were randomly selected from renal glomerali area and 10 from renal interstitium area.Medical image analysis software was used to determine the masculine area of HGF or TGF-? and image intensity;then the immunity class index was defined as masculine area ? image intensity.Results 1.HGF and TGF-? existed in all renal tissues;2.Expressions of HGF and TGF-? increased obviously along with FSGS pathology alteration(Pa
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Objective To explore the effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on Nephrin protein expression in renal of diabetic rats.Methods Diabetic rats were induced by streptozotocin(STZ).Groups were divided as follows:diabetic group(DM group),1,25-(OH)2D3 treated group[1,25-(OH)2D3 group] and control group.At the 12th week,haematuria and proteinuria were determined and the kidneys were removed by histopathology,immunostaining,and the expression of Nephrin mRNA and protein in renal cortex were detected by reversed transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results Compared with control and 1,25-(OH)2D3 groups,urine erythrocyte and protein excretion and glomerlar cellularity in DM group statistically increased(P0.05).Conclusion The effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3 is in relieving haematuria and proteinuria and up-regulate the expression of nephrin mRNA and protein to protein kidney.
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Objective To explore the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF) in kidney of diabetic rats,the influence of protein kinase C ? inhibitor LY333531 on the expression of VEGF and MIF.Methods Thirty wistar rats were divided at random into three groups:normal control group(NC group);diabetic model group(DM group),the rats models of diabetic mellitus were induced by streptozotocin(SIZ);LY333531 treated group(LT group),which were given LY333531 [10 mg/(kg?d)] by gastric perfusion after DM model inducing success.At the 10th week,the levels of blood glucose(BG),24 hours urine albumin excretion rate(AER),urine VEGF,and MIF were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Glomerular cellularity and extracellular matrix(ECM) were observed by light microscope.The expression levels of VEGF and MIF in the kidney tissues in three groups of rats were detected using immunohistochemistry.Results BG,AER,VEGF,MIF in DM group were significantly higher than those in control group(Pa0.05).There was strongly stained of VEGF,MIF in glomerular mesangium in DM group,weakly positive in LT group by immunohistochemistry.The expression of VEGF and MIF in DM gorup significantly increased than those in NC group(P0.05).Conclusions The expression levels of VEGF and MIF in kidney tisues of diabetic rats significantly increase and correlation with the degree of renal tissue injury.LY333531 can contribute to cut down BG,decrease AER,VEGF,MIF excrection in urine,inhibit glomerular cellularity and ECM proliferation,inhibit expressions of VEGF and MIF to protect kidney.
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Objective To detect the levels of transforming growth factor-?_1(TGF-?_1) in plasma,serum and urinary of children with Immunoglobulin A glomerulonephritis(IgAGN) and mesangial proliferate glomerulonephritis(MsPGN) and explore the different effects of TGF-?_1 in the two diseases.Methods The plasma,serum and urinary TGF-?_1 levels were measured in 24 children with IgAGN,and 30 children with MsPGN and 30 healthy controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The TGF-?_1 levels in plasma,serum and urinary samples of IgAGN group were increased.The TGF-?_1 levels of IgAGN were significantly higher than those of MsPGN and heathy controls(P(0.05)).Conclusion It is showed that TGF-?_1 plays a diffenent role in IgAGN and MsPGN.
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Actin cytoskeleton in podocyte is a complicated network structure,and the stability of this structure depend on many proteins which located in slit diaphragm,the apical membrane domain and the basal membrane domain with the stimulus of mechanical stress,the actin cytoskeleton can be adaptive regulated to maintain the normal function of glomerulus,and several signal pathways involve in the process,such as RhoA/Rho kinase signal pathway and TRPC6.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between the clinical character and pathological variants as well as response to treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS) in children.Methods The clinical feature, laboratory data and histological variants of 48 children with idiopathic FSGS proven by renal biopsy were studied retrospectively. Among them,34 were boys;14 cases were girls. The age ranged from 1.75 to 16.0 years.Results Of 48 children with FSGS,nephrotic syndrome in 32(66.7%)was the predominant clinical manifestation. The pathological classification included FSGS not otherwise specified(NOS) in 29 cases(60.42%), perihilar variant in 14 cases(29.17%), tip variant 3 cases(6.25%), cellualr variant 2 cases(4.17%)and no collapsing variant. The different pathological variants had similar rate of segmental sclerosis glomeruli; perihilar variant had a higher global sclerosis glomeruli than FSGS NOS and other variants and there was a statistical significance(P 0.05).Vascular lesions were rarely seen in all kinds of histological variants of children.Conclusions Hypertension and renal insufficiency are less frequently seen in children FSGS, isolated hematuria as unique clinic presentation is common in FSGS. All pathological variants have tubular-interstitial lesions, but vascular lesions are rarely seen. Most FSGS children with nephrotic syndrome are sensitive to steroid at initial stage, and easy to develop frequent relapse gradually, immunosuppressive agent may be helpful to elevate remission rate.
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Objective To detect the level of serum cystatin C(CysC),macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF),urinary podocytes(UPC) and explore the correlation between the levels of the three and therapeutic effect in children with primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS).Methods The serum CysC,MIF levels were detected in 38 children with PNS,which were treated before and after remission by double-antibody sandwich sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Podocyte-specific marker protein-Podocalyxin(PCX) was detected by immunofluorescene to definite UPC before and after remission and compare with those of healthy control group(n=15).Results Compared with control group,the levels of serum MIF were significantly increased in 22 patients responded sensitively to prednisone prior and post treatment(Pa0.05),however,CysC,MIF and UPC significantly increased after treatment in 16 steroid-resistant children(Pa0.05), MIF significantly decreased(Pa0.05)in steroid-resistant children after treatment.In 16 children with steroid-resistant, complete remission of PNS as cyclophosphamide pulse treatment being added in 10 patients,which CysC, MIF,UPC were significantly higher than those in control group(Pa
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Objective To study the possibility of medication treatment in Alport′s syndrome(AS).Methods Two boys with AS,received cyclosporin A(CyA) in combination with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI) or only ACEI,which lasted 22 months and 20 months,respectively.Results After the treatments with the medication,there was obvious effectiveness in the 2 patients with relieved symptom and almost normal serum standard,especially the permanent and obvious recession of proteinuria.There was no side effects of medication during the treatment.Conclusion Patients with AS can be treated with CyA and ACEI,with symptomatic recession,as well as suspend the progression of pathology of kidney.
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Objective To study the clinical significance of urinary mtcroprotems examination on early diagnosis of kidney damage of children with obesity. Method Urinary microproteins were tested in 40 obese children by enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay and 50 healthy children as controls. Results Urinary microprotem examination were abnormal in 8 obese children. Albumin in 5 cases increased, and transferrin(TRF) with retinol-binding protein in 1 case increased meanwhile. TRF in 3 cases increased. One case was abnormal by kidney biopsy.Conclusion Urinary microprotem examination was the sensitive index in early diagnosis of obesity-related glomerulopathy in children.
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Objective To determine the role of erythrocytes immunoadhering in the pathogenesis of the patients with mesangiopro-liferative glomerulonephntis (MsPGN). Methods The immunoadhering functions of erythroeytes and leukoeytcs were measured in 31 patients with no- IgAN,24 patients with IgAN and 30 normal children by rosette tests:RCR,RICR,TRR,TNR and TLR. Results 1. The immunoadhering functions of erythroeytes (RCR and TRR) of the patients with no- IgAN and IgAN were obviously decreased compared to those of control group,but RICR showed no significant difference;2. The immunoadhering functions of leukocytes (TNR and TLR ) of the patients with no- IgAN and IgAN were obviously decreased compared to those of control group;3 The degree of the decreased immunoadhering functions of erythroeytes was correlated respectively with that of the immunoadhering functions of leukoeytes. Conclusions The decrease of the function of erythroeyte and leukocyte immunoadhering plays an important role in the pathogenesis in patients with MsPGN. These rosette tests may be used in clinic.